This KYE white paper aims to provide practical information on the practice of phishing and draws on data collected by the German Honeynet Project and UK Honeynet Project. This paper focuses on real world incidents that the Honeynet Project has observed in the wild, but does not cover all possible phishing methods or techniques. Attackers are constantly innovating and advancing, and there are likely to be new phishing techniques already under development or in use today.

After a brief introduction and background, we will review the actual techniques and tools used by phishers, providing three examples of empirical research where real-world phishing attacks were captured using honeynets. These incidents will be described in detail and include system intrusion, phishing web site preparation, message propagation and data collection. Common techniques and trends are then analysed, including the growing integration of phishing, spamming, and botnets. Examples of the malware used by phishers to automate harvesting of email addresses and sending of spam email are reviewed, and we also present our observations on network scanning techniques and how compromised machines are used to spread phishing emails and other spam. Finally, we conclude this paper with an overview of the lessons learned in the last six months and suggest further research topics.

This white paper includes extensive amounts of supporting information, with many hyperlinks to more detailed data on specific attacks available inline. Lastly, no confidential personal data was collected in the process of this research. In some cases, organizations involved in phishing attacks were contacted directly, or the incident data was forward to the local CERT.

The link for this article located at The Honeynet Project is no longer available.